The Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850-1871
"The great questions of the day will not be decided by speeches and majority decisions, but by blood and iron."
"One day the great European war will come out of some damned foolish thing in the Balkans."
-- Otto von Bismarck
"The great questions of the day will not be decided by speeches and majority decisions, but by blood and iron."
"One day the great European war will come out of some damned foolish thing in the Balkans."
-- Otto von Bismarck
CHAPTER 22: THE AGE OF NATION-STATES AND REALPOLITIK
In this chapter, you will notice the physical transition of Europe as it enters the modern world- this is the first time that actual photographs, rather than paintings or drawings, are shown in the textbook. The balance of power shifts tremendously in Europe, thanks to both diplomatic crises and changing populations and economies of European states. The Concert of Europe essentially falls apart after the Crimean War, leaving behind a legacy of resentments and exposes weaknesses in the great Eastern powers. After the revolutions of 1848, in which the bourgeoisie class ceased to be revolutionary and instead became the new elite ruling class, politics began to shift in Europe. Conservative monarchs and leaders realized that they could not stop change from occurring- but they could control how, when, and where it happened. This came to characterize a concept known as realpolitik- a German term that means "politics based on reality and practical means, rather than strong ideology". In other words, conservative national leaders realized they could no longer ignore the demands of the working class. The working class was far too numerous and powerful, and national economies depended on their labor in order to survive. The working class also now had a political ideology to unify them: socialism. However, conservatives still reigned in Europe, and were learning to reckon with the working classes while also bolstering their own power and popularity. In France, Napoleon II's Second Empire transforms the city of Paris into a modern metropolis, while plunging France into a series of international crises.
In this chapter, you will notice the physical transition of Europe as it enters the modern world- this is the first time that actual photographs, rather than paintings or drawings, are shown in the textbook. The balance of power shifts tremendously in Europe, thanks to both diplomatic crises and changing populations and economies of European states. The Concert of Europe essentially falls apart after the Crimean War, leaving behind a legacy of resentments and exposes weaknesses in the great Eastern powers. After the revolutions of 1848, in which the bourgeoisie class ceased to be revolutionary and instead became the new elite ruling class, politics began to shift in Europe. Conservative monarchs and leaders realized that they could not stop change from occurring- but they could control how, when, and where it happened. This came to characterize a concept known as realpolitik- a German term that means "politics based on reality and practical means, rather than strong ideology". In other words, conservative national leaders realized they could no longer ignore the demands of the working class. The working class was far too numerous and powerful, and national economies depended on their labor in order to survive. The working class also now had a political ideology to unify them: socialism. However, conservatives still reigned in Europe, and were learning to reckon with the working classes while also bolstering their own power and popularity. In France, Napoleon II's Second Empire transforms the city of Paris into a modern metropolis, while plunging France into a series of international crises.
Click below for the Chapter 22 IDs list, summary, and outline.
ch_22_ids.docx | |
File Size: | 15 kb |
File Type: | docx |
Ch 22 Spielvogel PowerPoint Slides:
ch_22_spielvogel_slides.pptx | |
File Size: | 27800 kb |
File Type: | pptx |
Click below for the Chapter 22 Primary Source Reading Packet
chapter_14_readings.pdf | |
File Size: | 1834 kb |
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Chapter 22 - RCQ
ch22_reading_guide_rcq.docx | |
File Size: | 21 kb |
File Type: | docx |
Click below for old KAGAN IDs list
ch_14_identifications.docx | |
File Size: | 18 kb |
File Type: | docx |
Click below for the Chapter 14 (Kagan book) PowerPoint lecture slides
kagan_ch14_lecture.ppt | |
File Size: | 18667 kb |
File Type: | ppt |
Take a trip to Paris and see how the city changed during Napoleon III's Second Empire. What prompted him to make such changes?
UNIFICATION OF ITALY, 1859-1870
UNIFICATION OF GERMANY, 1866-1871
Below are three of Tom Richey's explanatory videos on German Unification, culminating in Bismarck's famous Blood and Iron Speech. Watch below for a clear play-by-play of Germany's strategic route to unification.
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NATIONALISM: EUROPE, AMERICA, AND JAPAN
MARXISM